Merlintrader · Explainer · July 27, 2026

Why Small-Town America Is the Hardest Drone Market to Sell: The Five Barriers Explained, With $DPRO as the Worked Example

There are 17,541 law enforcement agencies in the United States and nearly seven in ten employ 24 sworn officers or fewer. That single fact explains almost everything about how public safety drones are actually sold — and why the announcements that sound biggest are often the ones that carry no money at all.

Public safety drones$DPRODFRFAA Part 108Blue UAS

What this article gives you

Most drone coverage is written from the manufacturer’s side: a company announces a partnership, a stock moves, and the reader is left guessing whether anything real happened. This piece is written from the buyer’s side instead, because that is where the answer lives. A police department in a town of 4,000 people does not fail to buy a drone because it does not want one. It fails because five separate barriers stand between wanting a drone and flying one legally, and no single vendor removes all five.

By the end you will have a map of those five barriers, a placement of Draganfly on that map, a four-question triage tool you can apply to the next drone announcement you read, and one uncomfortable observation about where the public money in this market is actually going. The company is the worked example, not the subject.

The problem: a market of 17,541 buyers, and most of them are tiny

Start with the number that governs everything. The Bureau of Justice Statistics counted 17,541 state and local law enforcement agencies in its most recent full census, employing 787,565 full-time sworn officers. That census reflects June 2018 and was published in October 2022; no later wave has appeared, so it is the best available federal picture and it is eight years old.

The distribution matters far more than the total:

Agency size (full-time sworn)AgenciesShare of agenciesShare of officers
9 or fewer7,05540.2%about 3% of all personnel
24 or fewer12,15969.3%
100 or more1,2687.2%64% of sworn officers
1,000 or more800.5%29% (227,884 officers)

Read those rows twice. Eighty agencies employ 29% of America’s police officers. At the other end, 7,055 agencies employ about 3% of the personnel between them. If you are selling a $150,000-a-year drone program, there are roughly 1,268 organisations in the country with the staff to run one comfortably, and more than 12,000 that would need help with every single step.

Drone adoption follows that split almost perfectly. In the BJS technology survey covering December 2020, 61.5% of departments serving populations above one million operated drone-mounted cameras. Among departments serving 2,500 to 9,999 people the figure was 8.1%, and below 2,500 it was 1.9%. That data is more than five years old and adoption has certainly risen since, but the shape of the curve is the point: the technology is normal in big cities and rare in small towns.

The framing that matters: this is not an underpenetrated market waiting for a better product. It is a market where the product was never the obstacle. The obstacle is everything that surrounds the product.

Why this became a real market anyway

Three things changed at once, and together they turned a slow-moving category into something with actual momentum.

First, the FAA opened the throttle. Drone-as-first-responder programs — where a drone launches automatically on a 911 call and arrives before the patrol car — require flying beyond visual line of sight, which requires a waiver. According to a FAA FOIA release published in July 2026, 976 DFR waivers were granted in total from 2018, when the first program launched, through April 2025. Then the agency streamlined the process, and by February 2026 more than 1,000 public safety agencies held the Part 91 waivers needed to automate operations. The FAA issued more waivers between April 2025 and February 2026 than in the previous seven years combined.

Second, the Chinese incumbent was pushed out of the funded market. The American Security Drone Act, enacted as Title XVIII of the FY2024 NDAA on December 22, 2023, set a hard date: from December 22, 2025, no federal funds awarded through any contract, grant or cooperative agreement may be used to procure a covered drone made by a covered foreign entity — and, significantly, no funds may be used in connection with operating one either. On December 22, 2025 the FCC went further, adding all foreign-manufactured UAS and critical UAS components to its Covered List following a national security determination. Carve-outs followed in January 2026 for drones on the DCMA Blue UAS Cleared List and for domestic end products, both running to January 1, 2027.

Third, the money arrived. Drones became a statutory program area of the Byrne JAG grant, the main federal channel for local law enforcement, which allocated $295.6 million across 1,286 awards in FY2025. Homeland Security Grant Program funding rose to $1.064 billion for FY2026, and small unmanned aircraft sit on FEMA’s Authorized Equipment List under code 03OE-07-SUAS. A brand-new counter-UAS grant program worth $500 million was created by statute in 2025.

So: permission is easier, the cheap incumbent is excluded from anything federally funded, and there is money on the table. That is a real market. The question is who can actually reach it.

The map: five barriers between a department and a flying drone

This is the part worth keeping. Every public safety drone story — every partnership, every grant, every product launch — is an attempt to remove one or more of these five barriers. Once you can name which barrier an announcement addresses, you can judge it in seconds.

Barrier 01

Permission: the FAA does not let you just fly

Under Part 107 a department needs a certificated remote pilot, an aircraft under 55 pounds, and flight within visual line of sight. Anything more useful than that — flying beyond visual line of sight, over people, over moving vehicles — needs either the FAA’s packaged Public Safety Organization Shielded Operations Waiver or a Certificate of Waiver or Authorization under Part 91 as a public aircraft operator. Both are paperwork exercises that assume someone in the building knows how to write an aviation safety case.

This barrier is scheduled to shrink, but it has not shrunk yet. The FAA published its BVLOS proposed rule — the future Part 108 — on August 7, 2025. The comment window closed that October with roughly 3,100 comments, reopened in January 2026 on specific questions, and as of July 27, 2026 no final rule has been published in the Federal Register. An executive order had directed the FAA to finalise it within 240 days; that deadline passed. Until Part 108 lands, access to the useful part of drone operations remains a waiver-by-waiver, agency-by-agency administrative process. That is precisely what makes it a service someone can sell.

Barrier 02

Compliance: which aircraft you are even allowed to own

Two separate regimes apply and they are constantly confused. For anything touching federal grant money, the American Security Drone Act rules: no covered foreign drone, verified against the Federal Acquisition Security Council list published on SAM.gov. For anything bought through DOJ’s Bureau of Justice Assistance, the bar is higher and explicit — BJA requires prior written approval plus certification that only aircraft on the DCMA Blue UAS Cleared List will be purchased or operated, with no modifications and no additional accessories permitted. GSA applies the same Blue UAS restriction to its Multiple Award Schedule.

FEMA does not. The phrase “Blue UAS” appears zero times in the FY2026 Homeland Security Grant Program notice and in the FY2026 Preparedness Grants Manual; FEMA grantees are bound by the American Security Drone Act and Section 889, which is a broader and different test. A vendor that is compliant for a FEMA-funded purchase may be ineligible for a BJA-funded one. Departments discover this late, and it is one of the quieter reasons small agencies stall.

Barrier 03

Money: the grant that never arrives

Byrne JAG looks like the answer for a small department until you read the threshold. A jurisdiction receives a direct JAG award only if its formula allocation is $10,000 or more; below that, the money is rolled into the state’s allocation instead. Small agencies therefore rarely receive JAG directly — they receive it as a sub-award from a State Administering Agency, which is a second layer of gatekeeping stacked on top of the first.

The alternatives each carry a catch. FEMA’s grants allow the aircraft but state plainly that licensing, registration, insurance and all ongoing operational expenses are the recipient’s responsibility and are not allowable — so the grant buys the drone and the town pays for the program forever. The Assistance to Firefighters Grant excludes drones outright, on three separate ineligibility lists. The COPS Hiring Program pays for officers, not equipment; only the small CPD Microgrants line, $6.7 million across roughly 34 awards, has a dedicated drone category.

What actually funds these programs, according to city council records, is a patchwork: local general funds, deferred payment schedules, and in at least one documented case asset forfeiture — Conroe, Texas stated its program was “funded entirely through funds seized from criminal activity; no taxpayer dollars were used.” There is no federal dataset breaking down grant versus local funding, because no one collects it.

Barrier 04

Competence: policy, training and a pilot who is not doing three other jobs

A drone program is not an object, it is an operating capability. It needs a written policy, standard operating procedures, a governance framework covering privacy and evidence retention, a certificated remote pilot in command, recurrent training, and someone to maintain the aircraft. A DOJ COPS Office study put the rule of thumb for maintenance at 20% of the initial purchase cost annually.

In a department with nine officers, there is no spare person to become the drone unit. This is the barrier that money alone cannot solve, and it is the one most often ignored in market sizing — every model that multiplies 17,541 agencies by an average selling price is implicitly assuming this barrier does not exist.

Barrier 05

Procurement: how the purchase order gets written

Even a funded, trained, compliant department still has to buy through a lawful channel. Most small agencies avoid running their own competitive tender by riding a cooperative contract. Sourcewell — legally a Minnesota local unit of government, with more than 50,000 public members and over $3 billion in annual purchasing — awards a national contract once, after which any member can buy by citing the contract number. Alternatives include TIPS, BuyBoard, state schedules and the GSA Multiple Award Schedule, where SIN 334220 is now the single item number covering drones and is open to state and local buyers.

Here the market reveals something. Of the seven drone-related Sourcewell contracts, six belong to integrators and resellers; only one belongs to a manufacturer, BRINC, awarded February 2026 and running to July 2029. Skydio, Flock Safety, DJI, Red Cat, Draganfly and Dedrone hold none. And on GSA’s SIN 334220, with 127 contract holders, none of the recognised public safety drone names appear at all — the only large autonomy name on it is Anduril. The companies whose logos you see in press releases are frequently not the entities on the paperwork.

The insight the map gives you: a vendor’s real competitive position is not “how good is the aircraft.” It is “how many of these five barriers do I remove for the customer, and how many do I leave on their desk?” Selling hardware removes zero barriers. Selling hardware plus training plus policy plus waiver preparation removes three. That difference is worth more, in this market, than flight time or camera resolution.

Where Draganfly sits on the map

Draganfly Inc. (Nasdaq: $DPRO; CSE: DPRO; FSE: 3U8) is a 25-year-old Canadian drone manufacturer, and on this map it is not primarily competing on aircraft. Over five weeks it signed two agreements that attack barriers 01 and 04 directly, using the same template both times.

On June 25, 2026, the International Association of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators launched a national campus drone readiness program and selected Draganfly to provide the systems, services and training. The framework as described covers FAA-aligned governance policy, privacy guidance, Part 107 training, campus-specific instruction and fleet deployment assistance. The release described it as the first association-endorsed pathway of its kind for campus policing.

On July 27, 2026, the Small & Rural Law Enforcement Executives Association selected Draganfly for an exclusive partnership to launch the SRLEEA Drone Implementation & Readiness Program, structured as a member service. The content is the same shape: policy and program development, standard operating procedures, governance frameworks, FAA Part 107 preparation, hands-on flight training, mission-specific instruction, continuing education, and access to platforms, sensors, software and lifecycle support. SRLEEA states it chose Draganfly after considering a range of potential partners; the agreement was executed ahead of the association’s annual conference in Orlando, where it is being commemorated with a ceremonial signing.

SRLEEA describes itself as the only national nonprofit dedicated exclusively to small, rural and tribal agencies — the exact 69% of the map that cannot self-serve. Draganfly’s release notes those departments represent more than 90% of US law enforcement agencies.

Placement: Draganfly is selling barrier removal, not aircraft. The association supplies distribution and credibility; Draganfly supplies the policy templates, the Part 107 pathway, the training and the hardware behind it. For a company with limited sales headcount, one signature reaches thousands of departments that would never otherwise appear in a micro-cap’s pipeline.

What the numbers behind the worked example actually say

Draganfly reports in Canadian dollars and files as a Canadian foreign private issuer, so its filings are a 40-F annual report and 6-K interim reports rather than the 10-K and 10-Q an American reader expects. From the interim financials filed May 11, 2026:

MetricQ1 2026Read-through
RevenueCAD 2,312,353 (+49.4% year over year)Growing fast in percentage terms, small in absolute terms.
Gross margin15.0%, down from 20.0%Growth is not yet coming with pricing power.
Cash and equivalentsCAD 147,339,721 at March 31, 2026Roughly 16 times a quarter’s revenue, after a February financing.
Reporting segmentsDrones and CorporatePublic safety is a stated vertical, not a reported segment: you cannot see it in the accounts.

That last row is the one to sit with. Public safety appears 22 times in the company’s Annual Information Form and has a dedicated section, but it does not exist as a line you can track quarter to quarter. Neither association agreement disclosed a contract value, minimum purchase commitment or revenue expectation. Draganfly’s own forward-looking language on the SRLEEA release refers to “inferences as to economic benefits to Draganfly to be derived from this partnership” — the standard formulation for an arrangement whose economics are not yet quantified.

The honest summary: a company with a large balance sheet relative to its revenue has bought itself distribution into the most fragmented buyer base in American public safety, and has not yet shown what that distribution converts into.

The paradox: the public money is going to companies you cannot buy

Here is the observation that reframes the whole sector, and it comes from reading city council minutes rather than press releases.

When you pull the actual purchase authorisations — the documents where a city commits real dollars to a drone program — the vendors that appear are not, for the most part, the listed ones:

AgencyVendorAuthorised amountVendor status
Brooklyn Park PD, MinnesotaAxon, supplying Skydio aircraft$4.67M over ten years, within a larger Axon agreementAxon listed; Skydio private
Elk Grove PD, CaliforniaAerodomeNot to exceed $2.14MPrivate (Flock Safety)
Corona PD, CaliforniaFlock Safety$1.63MPrivate
Alameda County Sheriff, CaliforniaFlock Safety / AerodomeNot to exceed $600,000 in year onePrivate
Overland Park PD, KansasBRINCNot to exceed $99,995Private

The three vendors that dominate documented American police drone purchases — Flock Safety, BRINC and Skydio — are all privately held. Skydio raised a Series F in April 2026 at a $4.4 billion post-money valuation. Flock Safety was valued at $7.5 billion in March 2025. BRINC raised $125 million in July 2026 in a round led by Motorola Solutions and says it serves more than 900 public safety agencies. None has an S-1 on file. There is no public-market way to own the winners of the purchase orders.

Meanwhile, among the listed companies, the disclosure is thinner than the marketing implies. Red Cat’s filings contain zero occurrences of “law enforcement,” and its Q1 2026 revenue growth is attributed to a US Army program. Unusual Machines has zero occurrences of “public safety” in its Q1 2026 filing and walked away from its one public safety asset in June 2025. Ondas names public safety as a vertical but has zero occurrences of “law enforcement” or “police” in its 10-K and 10-Q. Axon is the exception that proves the rule: it genuinely is a public safety company, its largest customer vertical is US law enforcement, and its counter-drone revenue grew over 300% year over year — but there is still no separate revenue line for drones anywhere in its accounts. Everything sits inside Platform Solutions, alongside in-car fleet systems and VR training.

The uncomfortable version: the most measurable money in American public safety drones flows to companies that are not investable, and the listed companies that talk most about the market often disclose least about their position in it. That is not an accusation of anything — it is a description of an information gap, and information gaps are where careless readers lose money.

Your triage tool: four questions for any public safety drone announcement

This is the part to keep and reuse. The next time a drone company announces something, run it through these four questions in order. Most announcements fail at the first one.

Question 01

Is this an order, or is it access?

An order has a customer name, a dollar value and a delivery period. Access has an endorsement, a program name and a landing page. Both can be valuable, but only one shows up in revenue on a known date. If the release does not state a contract value or a minimum commitment, you are looking at access. Say so plainly in your notes, and do not let a press release upgrade itself in your memory over the following weeks.

Question 02

Which of the five barriers does it remove — and for whom?

Map it. A new aircraft with a longer flight time removes none. A Blue UAS listing removes barrier 02 for grant-funded buyers only. A cooperative purchasing contract removes barrier 05. An association readiness program removes 01 and 04 and helps with 02. A vendor that removes three barriers is selling something structurally harder to displace than a vendor selling airframes, because the customer’s switching cost is now training and policy, not hardware.

Question 03

Who pays, and from which pot?

Federal grant money carries compliance strings that decide which vendors are even eligible: BJA demands Blue UAS and prior written approval, GSA restricts its schedule the same way, FEMA applies a different and broader test, and FEMA will not fund the recurring costs at all. Local general funds carry no such strings but face annual budget votes. Asset forfeiture carries neither, and no schedule. The funding source tells you both the vendor shortlist and the renewal risk.

Question 04

Where would this show up in the accounts — and can you see it?

Check the segment disclosure before you check the excitement. If public safety is a stated vertical but not a reported segment, then even a genuine commercial success will reach you as a percentage growth rate in a management commentary, not as a number you can verify. That is a legitimate reason to demand more evidence before changing your view, and it applies to almost every listed name in this sector.

The neighbourhood: who sits where

A quick map of the listed and unlisted names, positioned by what they actually sell into this market. All revenue figures are the most recent reported quarter as of July 27, 2026; none of these companies had reported Q2 2026 at the time of writing.

CompanyTickerLatest quarterly revenuePosition on the map
Axon EnterpriseAXON$807.3M (+33.7%)The incumbent relationship. Sells the whole public safety stack; drones ride inside it. Counter-drone revenue up over 300%, but no separate drone line.
OndasONDS$50.1MDefense and homeland security first; public safety a stated vertical. One counter-UAS order from an unnamed US urban agency.
Red CatRCAT$15.5M (+849%)Military-led. Growth from a US Army program; law enforcement absent from filings.
Unusual MachinesUMAC$8.1M (+296%)Components and retail. Exited its public safety asset in 2025.
SoundThinkingSSTI$24.2MAdjacent: gunshot detection triggering DFR launches, live in 16 cities — the only DFR agency count in an SEC filing.
Draganfly$DPROCAD 2.3M (+49.4%)Barrier removal via association programs, aimed at the small and rural tail.
Skydio · Flock Safety · BRINCPrivateNot disclosedWhere the documented purchase orders go. Not investable.

Two names are worth excluding explicitly, because they get swept into drone conversations wrongly. Kratos is a defense unmanned systems business with no domestic law enforcement exposure — the phrase appears zero times in its FY2025 annual report. AgEagle serves agriculture and military customers and its filings do not mention police work either.

The dates that will decide this over the next eighteen months

One last piece of the toolkit. Unlike most technology stories, this one has a regulatory calendar you can write down. These are the fixed points to watch, and each one moves at least one barrier on the map.

DateWhat happensBarrier affected
Pending, no dateFAA publishes the final Part 108 BVLOS rule. The proposal is from August 2025, comments reopened in January 2026, and the executive order deadline has already passed.01 — permission. The largest single swing factor in the sector.
January 1, 2027FCC exemptions expire for aircraft on the Blue UAS Cleared List and for domestic end products, unless extended.02 — compliance. Determines which aircraft remain lawful to import and market.
Open proceedingFCC decision on barring import and marketing of foreign “military-grade” UAS, with a proposed definition covering thermal sensors, LiDAR and docking stations. A 180-day wind-down is proposed.02 — compliance, and potentially the equipment list of every DFR program.
Annual, timing variesByrne JAG solicitation for FY2026. The FY2025 notice appeared in March 2026 and closed in May; no FY2026 notice had been published as of July 27, 2026.03 — money, for the agencies above the $10,000 threshold.
December 22, 2028Statutory sunset of the American Security Drone Act authority.02 — the entire exclusion regime has an expiry date written into the law.

Notice what this calendar does not contain: a single scheduled event at which any listed company is contractually obliged to report public safety drone revenue. That absence is the whole problem in one line.

What could break this thesis

Part 108 removes the barrier that makes the service valuable. If the FAA finalises the BVLOS rule and standardised permissions replace case-by-case waivers, barrier 01 shrinks sharply. The readiness-program pitch loses part of its reason to exist, and the advantage shifts back toward whoever has the best aircraft and the lowest price. A rule that is good for the industry is not automatically good for the companies selling the workaround.

Endorsements do not have to convert. An association can hand a vendor its member list and produce very little revenue if members lack budget, staff or urgency. Nothing in either Draganfly agreement obliges a single department to buy anything.

Compliance windows are moving. The Blue UAS and domestic-product exemptions on the FCC Covered List run to January 1, 2027. In July 2026 the FCC also opened a proceeding proposing to bar the import and marketing of foreign “military-grade” UAS, with a proposed definition that includes thermal imaging sensors, LiDAR and docking stations — all standard DFR equipment. The regulatory perimeter that currently protects domestic vendors is still being drawn, and it can move in either direction.

The data underneath is old. The 17,541-agency census reflects 2018. The 11.6% adoption figure reflects 2020. Anyone quoting these numbers, including this article, is describing a market whose baseline has certainly shifted.

The buyers are budget-constrained by definition. A department with nine officers that cannot fund a school resource officer will not fund a drone program because a national association endorsed one.

Bottom line

Public safety drones look like a hardware market and behave like a services market. The buyer base is the most fragmented in American government: 17,541 agencies, nearly 70% of them with fewer than 25 officers, each needing permission, compliance, money, competence and a purchase channel before a single aircraft leaves the ground. Whoever removes the most barriers wins the small departments, and removing barriers is a distribution problem, not an engineering one.

Draganfly’s two association agreements are a coherent answer to that problem, and they are also, so far, unpriced. The right way to hold both facts at once is to treat the strategy as legible and the economics as unproven — and to watch the quarterly revenue line rather than the announcement count. Meanwhile the largest documented purchase orders in this market continue to flow to three private companies, which means the most successful participants in the sector are, for now, unavailable to public investors. That is the single most useful thing to know before reading the next headline.

For the company-level detail behind the worked example — balance sheet, dilution, the Skip Dynamix acquisition, the Palladyne SwarmOS integration, the NDAA-compliance angle and the bear case — see the Draganfly $DPRO Stock Hub.

Primary sources

Educational content only. This article is not financial advice, investment research tailored to any individual, or a recommendation to buy, sell or hold any security. Micro-cap and small-cap stocks can be highly volatile and may result in partial or total loss of capital. Regulatory outcomes, grant awards, contract conversion and commercial results are uncertain. Purchase amounts cited from municipal records are authorisations, not necessarily amounts spent. Full legal terms: merlintrader.com/disclaimer.

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